Naturalizing Grace. Leibniz’s Reshaping of the Two Kingdoms of Nature and Grace Between Malebranche and Kant
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19283/lph-20208.674Keywords:
Leibniz, Principles of Nature and Grace, Kingdom of Grace, Harmony, EschatologyAbstract
While in Malebranche the specific laws of grace were structurally homogeneous to those of nature, in Leibniz’s view the system of nature, unfolding according to its own rules, at the same time satisfies the moral requirements. Human beings are subjected both to the natural laws, as embodied souls, and to the jurisdiction of the moral law, as citizens of the ‘city of God’. The realm of grace is a “moral world within the natural world”: harmony seems to be required. And what he wants to get from such harmony is that final conciliation of subjective consciousness and divine justice also called for by Locke. But this eschatological outcome is thought of by him in a more intra-mundane way, that is, the reconciliation of nature with the moral ends of the ‘kingdom of grace’ is projected into the future development of this world. Notably, the conceptual framework expressed by the Leibnizian ‘kingdom of grace’ will be taken again by Kant from a transcendental point of view.
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Creative Commons General Public License Attribution, Share-Alike version 4 (CC BY-SA).